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Disorders of Leukocytes

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...

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Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Intracellular Phosphoflow Cytometry of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenotransplants

Intracellular Phosphoflow Cytometry of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenotransplants

Published on: June 6, 2025

Ph-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Thai Hoa Tran¹, Mignon L Loh^1,2

¹Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; and.

Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program

|December 4, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is a high-risk subtype affecting children and adults. Targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy offers a promising precision medicine approach for this challenging leukemia.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Hematology
Genetics

Background:

Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is a high-risk subtype of B-lineage ALL.
It accounts for approximately 15% of pediatric HR B-ALL and a significant percentage of adult ALL cases.
Ph-like ALL is characterized by adverse clinical features and a poor prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the genetic alterations driving Ph-like ALL.
To emphasize the potential of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy for Ph-like ALL treatment.
To underscore the importance of precision medicine and international collaboration in improving outcomes.

Main Methods:

Review of genetic alterations in Ph-like ALL.
Analysis of clinical features and prognosis.
Evaluation of TKI therapy and combinatorial treatment strategies.

Main Results:

Ph-like ALL harbors diverse genetic alterations activating cytokine receptor and kinase signaling pathways.
These alterations make Ph-like ALL amenable to TKI therapy.
Ongoing clinical trials are screening for these alterations to guide TKI treatment.

Conclusions:

Ph-like ALL represents a distinct high-risk subtype requiring targeted therapy.
Precision medicine, incorporating TKI therapy, holds significant promise for improving outcomes.
International collaboration is crucial for advancing research and treatment for Ph-like ALL.