Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

640
Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
640
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters01:22

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters

1.1K
The physicochemical characteristics of drugs play a crucial role in formulating stable and bioavailable drug products. The solubility of a drug, governed by the varying pH along the GI tract and its dissociation constant (pKa), is pivotal in determining its ionization state and absorption rate. Notably, weak acids and bases remain unionized and are absorbed more rapidly.
Enhanced drug absorption can be achieved by reducing particle sizes and increasing surface areas, thereby facilitating...
1.1K
Drug Absorption: Factors Affecting GI Absorption01:19

Drug Absorption: Factors Affecting GI Absorption

6.7K
The process of oral drug absorption can be influenced by several factors. Weakly acidic drugs tend to be absorbed more readily from the stomach due to their nonionized state. However, absorption may be less efficient in the upper intestine, where drugs are often ionized. Interestingly, despite the stomach's apparent advantage for drug absorption, its mucous layer can hinder diffusion. Its surface area is also smaller than the intestine's, which can further slow down the absorption rate.
6.7K
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug pKa, Lipophilicity and GI pH01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug pKa, Lipophilicity and GI pH

3.8K
Drug absorption within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex process influenced by several critical factors, including the site pH, the drug's dissociation constant (pKa), and the drug's lipophilicity. The GI tract exhibits a pH gradient, with an acidic environment in the stomach and a more alkaline environment in the small intestine. This pH variation directly affects the ionization state of drugs.
A drug's pKa and the pH of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract play crucial roles...
3.8K
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Disease States and Pharmacology01:25

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Disease States and Pharmacology

1.7K
Multiple disease states can significantly influence the oral drug absorption process by affecting blood flow and the functionality of the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Various GI diseases, including conditions that alter GI motility, such as diarrhea, decreased acid secretions (achlorhydria), and infections, have been associated with reduced drug absorption.
Substances such as alcohol and specific drugs, including antineoplastics, can also negatively impact drug absorption. For instance,...
1.7K
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

685
Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
685

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

From simplicity to complexity: how excipients shape stability and disintegration of immediate-release tablets.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

TIM-1 and Tiny-TIM as Robust In Vitro Models for Oral Biopharmaceutics: Evidence from an International Ring Study.

Pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

An Expert's View on the Application of TIM Technology in the Development of Oral Drug Products.

Molecular pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Exploration of IVIVC Deconvolution Methods in a PBPK Platform: Case Example with Tofacitinib.

The AAPS journal·2026
Same author

Establishing the Human Duodenum Chip as a Surrogate for Effective Human Permeability: In Vitro and In Silico Assessment.

The AAPS journal·2025
Same author

Linking powder to tablet stability: Length- and time-scale prediction of moisture sorption.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes
06:01

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.1K

Exploring gastrointestinal variables affecting drug and formulation behavior: Methodologies, challenges and

Bart Hens1, Maura Corsetti2, Robin Spiller3

  • 1Drug Delivery & Disposition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|December 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Understanding gastrointestinal (GI) factors like motility and pH is crucial for oral drug development. This review details methods to study these GI variables and their impact on drug formulation behavior.

Keywords:
Intestinal absorptionIntraluminal profilingMRIManometryScintigraphyTelemetry

More Related Videos

Ex Vivo Intestinal Sacs to Assess Mucosal Permeability in Models of Gastrointestinal Disease
06:04

Ex Vivo Intestinal Sacs to Assess Mucosal Permeability in Models of Gastrointestinal Disease

Published on: February 9, 2016

22.3K
Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
06:58

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems

Published on: August 23, 2019

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes
06:01

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.1K
Ex Vivo Intestinal Sacs to Assess Mucosal Permeability in Models of Gastrointestinal Disease
06:04

Ex Vivo Intestinal Sacs to Assess Mucosal Permeability in Models of Gastrointestinal Disease

Published on: February 9, 2016

22.3K
Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
06:58

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems

Published on: August 23, 2019

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacokinetics and Drug Delivery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Oral drug administration is influenced by complex gastrointestinal (GI) physiological and anatomical factors.
  • Progress in oral drug development necessitates a thorough understanding of these GI variables.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methodologies for investigating the impact of GI physiological variables on oral drug formulation behavior.
  • To present the strengths and limitations of various invasive and non-invasive techniques.

Main Methods:

  • The review discusses techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), scintigraphy, ultrasonography, telemetry, and intraluminal sampling.
  • Methods are categorized based on their ability to assess gastric emptying, motility, GI volume, temperature, and intraluminal pH.

Main Results:

  • Various techniques provide insights into gastric emptying, including MRI, scintigraphy, and breath tests.
  • Motility, GI volume changes, temperature, and pH can be monitored using methods like manometry, MRI, ultrasonography, and telemetry.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate assessment of GI variables is essential for optimizing oral drug formulation and delivery.
  • The reviewed methodologies offer valuable tools for advancing oral drug development research.