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Metabolism and neurogenesis.

Marlen Knobloch1, Sebastian Jessberger1

  • 1Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.

Current Opinion in Neurobiology
|December 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Cellular metabolism critically influences neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) activity and neuronal differentiation. Understanding metabolic regulation is key to lifelong neurogenesis in the mammalian brain.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) generate new neurons throughout life.
  • NSPC activity and neuronal differentiation are tightly controlled by molecular cues.
  • Cellular metabolism's role in neurogenesis is a recent, significant discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding how metabolism impacts NSPC behavior.
  • To explore metabolism's influence on neuronal differentiation.
  • To discuss metabolism as a potential signal integrator for sustained neurogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on NSPC metabolism and neurogenesis.
  • Analysis of molecular signaling pathways and transcriptional regulation.

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  • Synthesis of findings on metabolic control of neuronal development.

    • Main Results:

    • Metabolism significantly affects NSPC functional properties.
    • Metabolic state influences the differentiation trajectory of NSPCs into neurons.
    • Metabolic pathways are integral to the control of neurogenesis.

    Conclusions:

    • Cellular metabolism is a critical determinant of NSPC behavior and neuronal differentiation.
    • Metabolism acts as a key regulator for the addition of new neurons in the mammalian brain.
    • Targeting metabolic pathways may offer strategies to enhance lifelong neurogenesis.