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Related Concept Videos

pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

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Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER01:32

Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER

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After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...
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Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip
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Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip

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A human microprotein that interacts with the mRNA decapping complex.

Nadia G D'Lima1, Jiao Ma2, Lauren Winkler1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

Nature Chemical Biology
|December 6, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a new human microprotein, non-annotated P-body dissociating polypeptide (NoBody), which interacts with mRNA decapping proteins. This finding suggests NoBody is a functional component involved in mRNA decay pathways.

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Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker
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Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip
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Isolation of Cognate RNA-protein Complexes from Cells Using Oligonucleotide-directed Elution
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Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Proteomic studies reveal translation of numerous small open reading frames (smORFs) into microproteins in human cells.
  • The functionality of these newly identified microproteins remains largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discover and characterize a novel, non-annotated human microprotein.
  • To investigate the potential role of this microprotein in cellular mRNA regulation pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic analysis to identify microproteins.
  • Co-immunoprecipitation to identify interacting proteins.
  • Cellular localization studies using microscopy.
  • Manipulation of microprotein levels to assess functional impact.

Main Results:

  • Discovery and characterization of a 7-kDa microprotein, named non-annotated P-body dissociating polypeptide (NoBody).
  • NoBody interacts with key mRNA decapping proteins involved in mRNA turnover and nonsense-mediated decay (NMD).
  • NoBody localizes to P-bodies and its abundance inversely correlates with P-body numbers, affecting NMD substrate levels.

Conclusions:

  • NoBody is implicated as a novel functional component of the mRNA decapping complex.
  • Demonstrates the functional relevance of a newly discovered microprotein in post-transcriptional gene regulation.
  • Highlights the importance of exploring smORFs for novel protein discovery and function.