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Reduced cortical thickness in body dysmorphic disorder.

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This study found reduced grey matter cortical thickness in the left temporal and parietal regions of individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). These findings suggest specific brain structural differences may underlie BDD pathophysiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Anatomy

Background:

  • Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition characterized by obsessive preoccupation with perceived flaws in appearance.
  • Neuroimaging studies suggest altered structure and function in occipito-temporal and fronto-limbic regions in BDD pathophysiology.
  • Previous morphometric studies in BDD have produced inconsistent results, with some suggesting clinical symptoms mediate brain abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate structural brain differences in individuals with BDD using Grey Matter (GM) cortical thickness measurements.
  • To explore potential correlations between cortical thickness and clinical symptom severity in BDD.
  • To identify specific brain regions implicated in the pathophysiology of BDD.

Main Methods:

  • Grey Matter (GM) cortical thickness was measured in 20 participants diagnosed with BDD and 20 age-, gender-, IQ-, and handedness-matched healthy controls.
  • Neuroimaging techniques were employed to assess cortical thickness across different brain regions.

Main Results:

  • Cortical thinning was observed in BDD patients compared to healthy controls within the left middle temporal gyrus and the left inferior parietal gyrus.
  • No significant relationships were found between cortical thickness in these regions and BDD symptom severity, insight, social anxiety, or depression levels within the BDD group.

Conclusions:

  • The observed cortical thinning in the left temporal and left inferior parietal regions supports their involvement in the pathophysiology of body dysmorphic disorder.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of BDD, highlighting specific structural alterations.