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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Modeling Age-Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases in Caenorhabditis elegans

Modeling Age-Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: August 15, 2020

Programmed cell clearance: From nematodes to humans.

Katharina Klöditz¹, Yu-Zen Chen², Ding Xue²

¹Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

|December 7, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Programmed cell clearance, essential for development and homeostasis, involves phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization. This "eat-me" signal, conserved across species, is recognized by phagocytes for efficient cell removal.

Keywords:

Axonal fusion C. elegans Engulfment Phosphatidylserine Scramblases Translocases

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Physiology
Developmental Biology

Background:

Programmed cell clearance is vital for organismal development and homeostasis.
Phosphatidylethanolamine (PS) externalization is a conserved
eat-me
signal for phagocytic engulfment of dying cells.
PS exposure is regulated by phospholipid translocases and scramblases.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss the mechanisms of PS exposure and recognition by phagocytes.
To explore the diverse roles of PS signaling in cell death and regeneration.
To highlight the conservation of cell clearance pathways between nematodes and mammals.

Main Methods:

Literature review and synthesis of recent studies on cell clearance mechanisms.
Comparative analysis of PS exposure and recognition in different organisms.
Discussion of molecular mechanisms regulating PS externalization.

Main Results:

PS externalization is a key signal for phagocytosis, conserved from nematodes to mammals.
PS exposure is not limited to apoptosis but also occurs in necrosis and on engulfing cells.
PS can function as a "save-me" signal during axonal regeneration.

Conclusions:

Phosphatidylserine (PS) plays a multifaceted role in cell fate decisions, acting as both an "eat-me" and "save-me" signal.
Understanding PS signaling is crucial for comprehending development, homeostasis, and regenerative processes.
Conservation of PS-mediated cell clearance underscores its fundamental importance in multicellular organisms.