Smoking cessation in smoke-free prisons: a grounded theory study

Area of Science:

• Criminology
• Public Health
• Psychology

Background:

• Prison populations exhibit significantly higher smoking prevalence compared to the general community.
• The implementation of smoke-free prison policies mandates smoking cessation for incarcerated individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the psychosocial processes male prisoners utilize during smoking cessation within a smoke-free correctional environment.
• To develop a theoretical model explaining prisoner experiences with involuntary smoking cessation.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative interviews were conducted with 15 male prisoners in South-east Queensland correctional centres.
• Grounded theory methodology was employed to analyze interview data and construct a cessation theory.

Main Results:

• A theory named "Engaging with Quitting" was developed, describing a cyclical process of evaluation, adjustment, and reflection.
• Prisoners' use and misuse of nicotine replacement therapy were documented.
• Three distinct prisoner personality typologies emerged: The Angry Smoker, The Shifting Opportunist, and The Optimistic Quitter.
• Instances of prisoners manufacturing homemade tobacco from nicotine patches were observed.

Conclusions:

• Smoking cessation in prisons is an ongoing process, not a single event.
• A collaborative approach between custodial and health authorities is crucial to mitigate negative coping mechanisms.
• This study offers novel insights into involuntary smoking cessation within correctional settings.