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Hepatitis C Point-of-Care Testing in Vulnerable Populations: A Human Factors Study.

Donna M Zucker1, Akshaya Shanmugam

  • 1Donna M. Zucker, PhD, RN, FAAN, is Professor and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Akshaya Shanmugam, PhD, MS, BE, is Program Manager, Lumme Inc., Amherst, Massachusetts.

Gastroenterology Nursing : the Official Journal of the Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates
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Summary

Point-of-care hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing in correctional facilities is feasible. Human factors analysis revealed that paperwork, not the test procedure, consumed the most time, suggesting areas for process improvement in HCV screening.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Human Factors Engineering

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) disproportionately affects incarcerated populations in the US.
  • Traditional laboratory testing for HCV is time-consuming, with results taking up to 3 weeks.
  • Point-of-care (POC) testing offers a rapid alternative, providing results within 20 minutes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the human factors involved in implementing POC HCV antibody testing in a correctional setting.
  • To identify time and resource requirements for POC HCV testing.
  • To assess technology access among high-risk individuals for liver disease.

Main Methods:

  • A collaborative project between Engineering and Nursing at UMass Amherst.
  • Observation and recording of a three-step human factors data collection process for POC HCV testing.
  • Analysis of time spent on paperwork, procedure, and counseling.
  • Assessment of smart technology access among respondents.

Main Results:

  • The paperwork component of the POC HCV test took significantly longer (4.27 minutes) than the testing procedure (1.24 minutes) or counseling (0.55 minutes).
  • Most high-risk respondents reported access to smart technology within the past 3 years.
  • Human factors data provided insights into testing efficiency and resource allocation.

Conclusions:

  • POC HCV testing is a viable option for correctional facilities.
  • Streamlining the paperwork process is crucial for optimizing POC HCV testing efficiency.
  • Human factors data can inform better screening models for marginalized populations with liver disease, integrating technology for improved self-management and data handling.