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Related Concept Videos

Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

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Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
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Translation01:31

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Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
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Translation01:31

Translation

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Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
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Proteins are...
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Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

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Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
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Cost in Translation.

Joey Berlin

    Texas Medicine
    |December 7, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    New federal language access rules mandate services for patients with limited English proficiency. These regulations introduce significant financial challenges for many physicians and their medical practices.

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    Area of Science:

    • Healthcare Policy
    • Linguistics in Medicine
    • Patient Access

    Background:

    • Federal language access requirements for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) were implemented in October.
    • These new regulations aim to improve healthcare accessibility for LEP individuals.

    Discussion:

    • Physicians and medical practices are expressing concerns regarding the financial implications of complying with these federal mandates.
    • The cost of implementing language services may pose a barrier to adoption for some healthcare providers.

    Key Insights:

    • The recent implementation of federal language access requirements presents a significant shift in healthcare service provision for LEP patients.
    • Financial strain is a primary concern for physicians navigating these new compliance obligations.

    Outlook:

    • Future research should explore cost-effective strategies for implementing language access services in diverse practice settings.
    • Policy adjustments may be necessary to ensure equitable access without imposing undue financial burdens on healthcare providers.