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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

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Updated: Mar 10, 2026

In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice

In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2019

MicroRNAs in the thyroid.

Myriem Boufraqech¹, Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska², Electron Kebebew¹

¹Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

|December 8, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules crucial in thyroid cancer development. This review explores their dual role as tumor suppressors or oncogenes and their potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers.

Keywords:

circulating microRNA diagnosis microRNA prognosis thyroid cancer treatment

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Oncology

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules (19-25 nucleotides) involved in gene regulation.
Aberrant miRNA expression is linked to human cancer initiation and progression.
Emerging evidence highlights the significant role of miRNAs in thyroid carcinogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in thyroid cancer.
To elucidate the function of specific miRNAs as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in thyroid cancer.
To assess the clinical utility of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for thyroid cancer.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on miRNA function in thyroid cancer.
Analysis of reported oncogenic and tumor suppressor activities of miRNAs.
Evaluation of clinical data regarding miRNA utility in thyroid cancer prognosis and diagnosis.

Main Results:

miRNAs can function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in thyroid cancer.
Specific miRNA expression patterns are associated with thyroid cancer development and progression.
Certain miRNAs show potential as reliable diagnostic and prognostic indicators.

Conclusions:

miRNAs are key players in thyroid carcinogenesis.
Understanding miRNA functions offers insights into thyroid cancer mechanisms.
miRNAs represent promising biomarkers for clinical applications in thyroid cancer management.