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MicroRNAs in the thyroid

Myriem Boufraqech1, Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska2, Electron Kebebew1

  • 1Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
|December 8, 2016
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules crucial in thyroid cancer development. This review explores their dual role as tumor suppressors or oncogenes and their potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules (19-25 nucleotides) involved in gene regulation.
  • Aberrant miRNA expression is linked to human cancer initiation and progression.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the significant role of miRNAs in thyroid carcinogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in thyroid cancer.
  • To elucidate the function of specific miRNAs as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in thyroid cancer.
  • To assess the clinical utility of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for thyroid cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNA function in thyroid cancer.
  • Analysis of reported oncogenic and tumor suppressor activities of miRNAs.
  • Evaluation of clinical data regarding miRNA utility in thyroid cancer prognosis and diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs can function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in thyroid cancer.
  • Specific miRNA expression patterns are associated with thyroid cancer development and progression.
  • Certain miRNAs show potential as reliable diagnostic and prognostic indicators.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs are key players in thyroid carcinogenesis.
  • Understanding miRNA functions offers insights into thyroid cancer mechanisms.
  • miRNAs represent promising biomarkers for clinical applications in thyroid cancer management.
Keywords:
circulating microRNAdiagnosismicroRNAprognosisthyroid cancertreatment

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