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Updated: Mar 10, 2026
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction
Published on: March 25, 2022
Clinicopathological characteristics of biliary neuroendocrine neoplasms: a multicenter study
Kyong Joo Lee1, Jae Hee Cho2, Sang Hyub Lee3
1a Department of Internal Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju , South Korea.
Objectives:
This study assessed the clinicopathological features, therapeutic approaches, and prognosis of patients with biliary neuroendocrine neoplasm (NENs).
Materials And Methods:
Multicenter retrospective study of patients with biliary tract NENs in the gallbladder, the extrahepatic bile duct, or the ampulla of Vater between 2005 and 2014.
Results:
Total of 43 patients were included in the study. The median age was 62 years (range: 29-84 years) and 58.1% of the patients were male. The tumors occurred in the gallbladder (n = 11), the extrahepatic bile duct (n = 5) or the ampulla of Vater (n = 27). The liver was the most common metastatic site. Based on the 2010 World Health Organization classification, more patients with gallbladder NENs (11/11 (100%)) had neuroendocrine carcinoma G3 than those with NENs in the ampulla of Vater (10/27 (37.1%)). The median progression free survival time (39.3 vs 5.1 months, p = 0.001) and median overall survival time (46.9 vs 7.9 months, p < 0.001) were significantly longer in patients with ampulla of Vater NENs than gallbladder NENs. A 2010 World Health Organization classification of neuroendocrine carcinoma G3 was independently related to poor overall survival (hazard ratio (HR), 27.1; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 2.81-260.68; p = 0.004).
Conclusion:
The 2010 World Health Organization classification of neuroendocrine carcinoma G3 was the only factor related to poor prognosis in patients with biliary neuroendocrine neoplasms.
