Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Incentive Theory: Pull Theory of Motivation01:18

Incentive Theory: Pull Theory of Motivation

1.1K
Incentive theory, or the "pull theory" of motivation, suggests that external rewards primarily drive behavior. Individuals are motivated to engage in activities when they anticipate a desirable outcome. This is why people often work hard for promotions or study intensively to achieve high grades. These incentives can be tangible, physical rewards such as money or promotions, or intangible, non-physical rewards like praise and social recognition.
The theory differentiates between...
1.1K
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

1.5K
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
1.5K
Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

558
E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
558
Motivational Bias01:25

Motivational Bias

456
Cognitive bias results from limitations in thinking and information processing, leading to systematic errors in judgment. Conversely, motivational bias stems from personal desires or emotions, causing distortions in perception to align with self-interest. Motivational bias influences how individuals perceive and attribute causes to events, often shaped by personal needs, goals, and self-esteem preservation. This bias can distort judgment, leading to inaccurate assessments of success, failure,...
456

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Enhanced short-term outcomes after full robotic-assisted minimally invasive Ivor Lewis procedure compared to the hybrid approach.

Journal of robotic surgery·2025
Same author

Job-exposure matrix (JEM) validity on crystalline silica among systemic sclerosis patients.

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)·2025
Same author

Comparison of cytological findings between direct impression smears and adhesive slides in canine superficial bacterial folliculitis.

Veterinary dermatology·2024
Same author

Technique for treatment of recurrent perianal fistula in Crohn's disease using autologous fat.

Techniques in coloproctology·2023
Same author

A highly selective probe for fluorometric sensing of cyanide in an aqueous solution and its application in quantitative determination and living cell imaging.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)·2023
Same author

Does inappropriate behavior hurt or stink? The interplay between neural representations of somatic experiences and moral decisions.

Science advances·2020
Same journal

Preface.

Progress in brain research·2025
Same journal

Mindfulness and meditation: Promoting emotional and cognitive health.

Progress in brain research·2025
Same journal

Cognitive stimulation enhancing memory and mental function.

Progress in brain research·2025
Same journal

The science behind non-pharmacological interventions.

Progress in brain research·2025
Same journal

Technology-assisted interventions for neuropsychiatric disorders.

Progress in brain research·2025
Same journal

Ethical consideration in non-pharmacological treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders.

Progress in brain research·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control
09:37

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control

Published on: July 5, 2015

9.6K

How motivation and reward learning modulate selective attention.

A Bourgeois1, L Chelazzi2, P Vuilleumier1

  • 1Laboratory for Behavioral Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Progress in Brain Research
|December 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Motivational stimuli, like rewards, significantly influence attention and perception. This review explores the distinct neural mechanisms and cognitive systems underlying this motivational attention.

Keywords:
Attentional selectionDopamine systemsMotivationReward

More Related Videos

Touchscreen Sustained Attention Task SAT for Rats
09:31

Touchscreen Sustained Attention Task SAT for Rats

Published on: September 15, 2017

10.4K
Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Training in Rats
06:57

Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Training in Rats

Published on: February 4, 2016

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control
09:37

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control

Published on: July 5, 2015

9.6K
Touchscreen Sustained Attention Task SAT for Rats
09:31

Touchscreen Sustained Attention Task SAT for Rats

Published on: September 15, 2017

10.4K
Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Training in Rats
06:57

Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Training in Rats

Published on: February 4, 2016

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neurobiology of Motivation

Background:

  • Motivational stimuli, particularly rewards, shape cognitive functions like perception and attention.
  • These effects involve attentional orienting, distinct from classical frontoparietal networks.
  • Evidence suggests unique neural systems generate attentional priority signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms of motivational attention.
  • To examine the impact of motivational stimuli on behavioral tasks.
  • To outline neural networks integrating motivational influences on attention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent human and nonhuman primate research.
  • Analysis of cognitive and neural data on reward-mediated attention.
  • Synthesis of findings on attentional selection and priority signals.

Main Results:

  • Motivational stimuli bias attentional selection through distinct cognitive and neural pathways.
  • Attentional priority signals are generated within specific cognitive systems.
  • Motivational attention engages neural networks separate from traditional frontoparietal control.

Conclusions:

  • Motivational attention is a critical function mediated by distinct neural systems.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is key to comprehending adaptive responses.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the neural integration of motivation and attention.