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Spinal Deformities in Pediatric Burn Patients
Darrell L Moulton1, David A Yngve1, E Burke Evans1
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Spine Deformity
|December 9, 2016
Summary
Pediatric third-degree burns can lead to spinal deformities like scoliosis. Extensive burns in young children increase the risk of severe spinal curves requiring treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Orthopedics
- Burn Surgery
- Spinal Deformity
Background:
- Extensive third-degree burns in children can cause spinal deformities.
- Spinal deformities, including scoliosis and kyphosis, are a potential complication in pediatric burn survivors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence and characteristics of spinal deformities in pediatric patients with extensive third-degree burns.
- To identify risk factors associated with the development of severe spinal deformities post-burn.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 41 pediatric patients with spinal deformities (scoliosis or kyphosis) treated at Shriners Hospital for Children.
- Analysis of patient records to determine age at burn, age at follow-up, curve type, curve severity, and scar characteristics.
Main Results:
- Forty-one pediatric patients (39 with scoliosis, 1 with kyphosis) were identified.
- Common curve types included thoracolumbar (21 patients) and thoracic (16 patients).
- Contractile burn scar on the trunk was present on the concavity of the curve in all patients.
Conclusions:
- Mild scoliosis is common after pediatric burns, but extensive burns at a young age can result in severe spinal curves.
- Risk factors for severe curves include trunk-spanning scars, young age at burn, large total body surface area burns, and high percentage of third-degree burns.
- Treatment options range from conservative measures like bracing to surgical interventions such as posterior stabilization for severe cases.
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