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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Strabismus in a UK Multi-ethnic Birth Cohort

Alison Bruce1,2, Gillian Santorelli1,3

  • 1a Bradford Institute for Health Research , Bradford, United Kingdom.

Strabismus
|December 9, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Strabismus prevalence in 4-5 year olds is 2.4%. White British children have higher odds of esotropia, which increases with hyperopia. Exotropia was not linked to ethnicity or refractive error.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Strabismus is a common childhood eye condition affecting visual development.
  • Early identification and intervention are crucial for managing strabismus and preventing amblyopia.
  • Understanding prevalence and risk factors in diverse populations is essential for targeted screening programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence, types, and early-life risk factors of strabismus in a multi-ethnic cohort of 4-5-year-old children.
  • To investigate the association between ethnicity, refractive error, and strabismus subtypes.
  • To inform public health strategies for childhood vision screening.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective data collection over 3 years (2012-2015) from a UK birth cohort (Born in Bradford).
  • Vision screening data from 17,018 children aged 4-5 years, with data linkage for 4563 children.
  • Multivariable regression analysis of 4067 children with complete data to identify associated factors.

Main Results:

  • Overall strabismus prevalence was 2.4% (401/17018).
  • Esotropia (45%) and exotropia (53%) were the most common types. No significant ethnic differences in overall prevalence.
  • White British children had double the odds of esotropia (OR 2.4), which increased with hyperopia (OR 2.0). Exotropia showed no significant associations.

Conclusions:

  • Strabismus prevalence aligns with existing population studies.
  • Esotropia is more prevalent in White British children and associated with hyperopia.
  • Exotropia is not significantly associated with ethnicity or refractive error in this cohort.
Abstract

Keywords:
Esotropiaexotropiahyperopiaprevalencestrabismus

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