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Updated: Mar 10, 2026
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Risks Associated With Lentiviral Vector Exposures and Prevention Strategies
Ryan Schlimgen1, John Howard, Dawn Wooley
1Partners HealthCare, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Schlimgen); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, District of Columbia (Dr Howard); Wright State University, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Wooley); Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Ms Thompson); Dana Farber Cancer Institute (Dr Baden, Ms Byers); Brigham and Women's Hospital (Dr Baden); Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Drs Baden, Christiani, Gelfand, Vyas); University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (Drs Yang, Hudson); Massachusetts General Hospital (Drs Christiani, Gelfand, Vyas); Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health (Dr Christiani); Boston University School of Medicine, Boston (Dr Mostoslavsky); Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge (Dr Diamond); Environmental Health and Engineering (Ms Duane); Occupational and Environmental Health Network, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Winters); Occupational Medicine consultant, Los Altos, California (Dr Fujimoto).
Abstract:
Lentiviral vectors (LVVs) are powerful genetic tools that are being used with greater frequency in biomedical laboratories and clinical trials. Adverse events reported from initial clinical studies provide a basis for risk assessment of occupational exposures, yet many questions remain about the potential harm that LVVs may cause. We review those risks and provide a framework for principal investigators, Institutional Biosafety Committees, and occupational health professionals to assess and communicate the risks of exposure to staff. We also provide recommendations to federal research and regulatory agencies for tracking LVV exposures to evaluate long-term outcomes. U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved antiviral drugs for HIV have theoretical benefits in LVV exposures, although evidence to support their use is currently limited. If treatment is appropriate, we recommend a 7-day treatment with an integrase inhibitor with or without a reverse transcriptase inhibitor within 72 hours of exposure.
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