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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

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Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
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Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

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Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
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Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

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Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
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Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

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Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
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Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

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Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
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Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

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Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
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Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis
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Two-Step Membrane Binding of NDPK-B Induces Membrane Fluidity Decrease and Changes in Lipid Lateral Organization and

Liberty Francois-Moutal1, Myriam M Ouberai2, Ofelia Maniti1

  • 1Organisation et Dynamique des Membrane Biologiques, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, CNRS UMR 5246 ICBMS , Bâtiment Chevreul, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne Cedex 69622, France.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
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Summary

Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B (NDPK-B) binds to cell membranes via electrostatic adsorption and shallow penetration. This interaction reduces membrane fluidity and forms protein-rich microdomains, potentially influencing cellular processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Membrane Biophysics

Background:

  • Nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDPKs) are vital enzymes involved in cellular processes like apoptosis and proliferation.
  • NDPK-B, a cytoplasmic isoenzyme, has been observed to associate with cellular membranes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biophysical mechanisms of NDPK-B interaction with lipid membranes.
  • To elucidate how NDPK-B binding affects membrane properties and organization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized various membrane models including liposomes, lipid monolayers, and supported lipid bilayers.
  • Employed biophysical approaches to analyze protein-membrane interactions.

Main Results:

  • NDPK-B binding to membranes occurs in a two-step process: electrostatic adsorption followed by shallow penetration.
  • NDPK-B binding decreases membrane fluidity and induces the formation of protein-rich patches or microdomains.
  • These effects may be mediated by protein-protein interactions, possibly triggered by anionic phospholipids.

Conclusions:

  • NDPK-B can form microdomains on lipid membranes, suggesting a role in organizing membrane functions.
  • The accumulation of NDPK-B at the membrane could create platforms for protein recruitment and amplify its cellular effects.