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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Related Experiment Video

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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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A Physical Heart Failure Simulation System Utilizing the Total Artificial Heart and Modified Donovan Mock

Jessica R Crosby1, Katrina J DeCook1, Phat L Tran1,2,3

  • 1Biomedical Engineering GIDP, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

Artificial Organs
|December 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new mock circulation system was developed to simulate heart failure and test mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. This platform reliably reproduces heart failure hemodynamics and demonstrates the effectiveness of MCS in improving patient conditions.

Keywords:
-Donovan mock circulation-Heart failure-Mechanical circulatory support-Physiologic simulation-Ventricular assist deviceTotal artificial heart

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Medical Device Technology

Background:

  • The increasing diversity of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) systems necessitates advanced simulation platforms.
  • Existing mock circulation systems may lack the robustness to accurately replicate complex physiological and pathophysiological states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel mock circulation system for simulating heart failure and evaluating MCS devices.
  • To assess the system's capability in reproducing clinically relevant hemodynamic profiles of heart failure.
  • To demonstrate the platform's utility in testing the efficacy of an implanted left ventricular assist device (LVAD).

Main Methods:

  • Integration of the SynCardia Total Artificial Heart with a modified Donovan Mock Circulation System.
  • Configuration of the system to operate at normal and reduced outputs to simulate different physiological conditions.
  • Modeling of heart failure by inducing specific hemodynamic changes such as elevated left atrial pressure and reduced aortic flow.
  • Inclusion of a HeartMate II LVAD to evaluate hemodynamic improvements.

Main Results:

  • The platform successfully reproduced key heart failure hemodynamics, including elevated left atrial pressure (+112%) and reduced aortic flow (-12.6%).
  • Demonstrated blunted Starling-like behavior and increased afterload sensitivity in the heart failure model.
  • Pressure-volume loops confirmed enhanced afterload sensitivity and diminished Starling-like behavior.
  • Addition of a HeartMate II LVAD led to significant hemodynamic improvements.

Conclusions:

  • The developed mock circulation system provides a reliable platform for simulating heart failure.
  • It serves as a valuable tool for training healthcare professionals in MCS device management.
  • The system facilitates inter-device comparisons and research for advancing safe and effective MCS therapy.