Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Carbon-dioxide Fixation01:28

Carbon-dioxide Fixation

811
Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
811
Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs01:15

Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs

1.1K
Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
1.1K
Microbial Nutrition01:28

Microbial Nutrition

1.8K
Organisms exhibit remarkable metabolic diversity, categorized based on how they acquire energy and carbon. These strategies enable survival in various ecological niches and are essential for maintaining energy flow and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.Energy and Carbon SourcesOrganisms are classified as phototrophs or chemotrophs based on energy acquisition. Phototrophs use light as their energy source, while chemotrophs rely on oxidizing chemical compounds. Further differentiation arises...
1.8K
Amino Acid Catabolism01:18

Amino Acid Catabolism

1.5K
Microorganisms rely on proteins as an essential carbon and energy source, particularly in environments with limited polysaccharides or lipids. However, proteins are too large to cross the plasma membrane unaided, necessitating enzymatic degradation. Microbes secrete extracellular proteases and peptidases that hydrolyze proteins into peptides, which can then be transported across the membrane. Once inside the cell, intracellular proteases degrade these peptides into free amino acids, which...
1.5K
Anoxygenic Photosynthesis01:30

Anoxygenic Photosynthesis

1.6K
Anoxygenic photosynthesis is a phototrophic process that captures light energy to drive carbon fixation without producing molecular oxygen. Unlike oxygenic photosynthesis, which utilizes water as an electron donor and releases oxygen, anoxygenic phototrophs use alternative electron donors such as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), elemental sulfur (S⁰), or thiosulfate (S₂O₃²⁻). This process is carried out by diverse groups of bacteria, including purple bacteria, green...
1.6K
Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns01:29

Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns

2.0K
Microorganisms exhibit diverse oxygen requirements and growth patterns driven by their metabolic strategies and environmental adaptations. Oxygen, while essential for many organisms, can also be toxic under certain conditions, shaping how microorganisms grow and survive.Oxygen Requirements of MicroorganismsMicroorganisms are classified based on their ability to use or tolerate oxygen:● Obligate aerobes like Mycobacterium tuberculosis need oxygen for energy production, as it serves as the...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A secreted endosymbiont protein essential for colonizing host cells.

Nature·2026
Same author

Symbiotic bacteria produce non-lytic vesicles with nucleic acid cargo.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Gut microbiota of Brazilian Melipona stingless bees: Dominant members and their localization in different gut regions.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Colibactin produced by a honeybee symbiont defends against pathogens and shapes the gut community.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

A secreted endosymbiont protein essential for colonizing host cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Honey wasps differ from other wasps in possessing large gut communities dominated by host-restricted bacteria.

mBio·2025
Same journal

Bridging two hosts: how intracellular environments shape flaviviral infection.

mBio·2026
Same journal

Post-translational negative feedback loops are sufficient to coordinate synthesis of the gram-negative envelope during steady-state growth.

mBio·2026
Same journal

mGem: A tale as old as blood-do tick-borne pathogens exploit arthropod antioxidant defenses?

mBio·2026
Same journal

mGem: Subcellular compartments in bacterial pathogens and their role during infection.

mBio·2026
Same journal

mGem: A perfect storm in the era of global warming-the convergence between thermotolerant fungi and altered immunity.

mBio·2026
Same journal

Global genomic surveillance of <i>Salmonella</i> in the environment: assessing virulence and antimicrobial resistance at scale.

mBio·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Medium Preparation for the Cultivation of Microorganisms under Strictly Anaerobic/Anoxic Conditions
06:17

Medium Preparation for the Cultivation of Microorganisms under Strictly Anaerobic/Anoxic Conditions

Published on: August 15, 2019

30.1K

When Obligate Partners Melt Down.

Nancy A Moran1

  • 1Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA Nancy.moran@austin.utexas.edu.

Mbio
|December 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insect symbionts provide benefits but can limit host ranges due to temperature sensitivity. Climate change-induced warming threatens these symbiotic relationships, impacting insect populations and their geographic distribution.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Mysteries of Terrestrial Anaerobic Microorganisms in Uncharted Environments by In Situ Culturing
07:56

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Mysteries of Terrestrial Anaerobic Microorganisms in Uncharted Environments by In Situ Culturing

Published on: January 12, 2024

1.6K
Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures
09:38

Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Medium Preparation for the Cultivation of Microorganisms under Strictly Anaerobic/Anoxic Conditions
06:17

Medium Preparation for the Cultivation of Microorganisms under Strictly Anaerobic/Anoxic Conditions

Published on: August 15, 2019

30.1K
Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Mysteries of Terrestrial Anaerobic Microorganisms in Uncharted Environments by In Situ Culturing
07:56

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Mysteries of Terrestrial Anaerobic Microorganisms in Uncharted Environments by In Situ Culturing

Published on: January 12, 2024

1.6K
Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures
09:38

Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Symbiotic relationships in invertebrates
  • Climate change impacts on insect ecology

Background:

  • Obligate insect symbionts offer advantages like nutrient supplementation and niche expansion.
  • Symbionts can restrict host ecological ranges, often being more temperature-sensitive than their hosts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how temperature sensitivity of obligate symbionts affects insect host populations under climate change.
  • To understand the dual role of symbionts in both enabling and limiting insect host ecological ranges.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on insect-symbiont thermal tolerance.
  • Analysis of climate change data and its projected effects on invertebrate species distribution.

Main Results:

  • Elevated temperatures, consistent with climate change, can be lethal to temperature-sensitive symbionts, consequently harming their insect hosts.
  • Symbiont-imposed limitations can impede invasive pest spread but also cause population and range contractions for native invertebrates.

Conclusions:

  • Obligate symbionts, while beneficial, pose a significant vulnerability to insect hosts facing rising global temperatures.
  • Climate change exacerbates the negative impacts of symbiont temperature sensitivity, leading to reduced invertebrate biodiversity and distribution.