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A Method for Quantifying Upper Limb Performance in Daily Life Using Accelerometers
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Stride variability measures derived from wrist- and hip-worn accelerometers.

Jacek K Urbanek1, Jaroslaw Harezlak2, Nancy W Glynn3

  • 1Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.

Gait & Posture
|December 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary

New gait variability measures, Amplitude Deviation (AD) and Phase Deviation (PD), use raw accelerometry data for more objective physical activity assessment. These measures correlate with gait speed and sit-to-stand performance in elderly individuals.

Keywords:
AccelerometryGait asymmetryStride variabilityWearable computing

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Epidemiology
  • Gait Analysis

Background:

  • Accelerometry is widely used in epidemiological and clinical studies to measure physical activity.
  • Current methods (activity counts, vector magnitude, steps) summarize raw data, losing valuable information.
  • Minute-level summarization limits the detailed analysis of gait dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and estimate novel measures of temporal stride-to-stride gait variability using raw accelerometry data.
  • To assess the sensitivity of these measures to accelerometer placement (hip vs. wrist).
  • To investigate the association of these novel gait variability measures with functional performance.

Main Methods:

  • Defined and estimated Amplitude Deviation (AD) and Phase Deviation (PD) from raw accelerometry signals.
  • Compared AD and PD across different accelerometer placements: hip, left wrist, and right wrist.
  • Applied the method to 46 elderly participants during a 400m walk test in the Developmental Epidemiologic Cohort Study (DECOS).

Main Results:

  • Successfully estimated AD and PD from raw accelerometry data.
  • Demonstrated the sensitivity of AD and PD to accelerometer placement.
  • Found statistically significant associations between AD and PD with gait speed and sit-to-stand test performance.

Conclusions:

  • Amplitude Deviation (AD) and Phase Deviation (PD) offer a more comprehensive analysis of gait variability from raw accelerometry.
  • These novel measures show potential for objective assessment of gait and physical function in epidemiological and clinical settings.
  • Further research can explore the utility of AD and PD in diverse populations and clinical conditions.