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Are ADDH and ADHD the same or different?

J H Newcorn, J M Halperin, J M Healey

    Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    |September 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The study compared Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADDH) and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) criteria. While most ADDH children met ADHD criteria, a new group emerged, highlighting changes in diagnostic criteria for childhood disorders.

    Area of Science:

    • Child Psychology
    • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
    • Psychiatric Diagnostics

    Background:

    • The DSM-III criteria for Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADDH) and the subsequent DSM-III-R criteria for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) represent evolving diagnostic frameworks.
    • Understanding the relationship between these criteria is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective intervention in children.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the relationship between the DSM-III criteria for ADDH and the DSM-III-R criteria for ADHD.
    • To identify how diagnostic changes impact the classification of children with hyperactive and inattentive symptoms.

    Main Methods:

    • A 30-item teacher questionnaire based on DSM-III and DSM-III-R criteria was administered to children in an inner-city school.
    • Children were also assessed using revised Conners Parent and Teacher Questionnaires and a continuous performance test.

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  • Diagnostic groups were formed based on teacher ratings and analyzed against rating scale and performance test data.

    • Main Results:

    • Children identified with ADDH according to DSM-III criteria largely met the DSM-III-R criteria for ADHD.
    • A novel group of children, characterized by hyperactivity and impulsivity but less pronounced inattention, also met the ADHD criteria.
    • These findings suggest a broadening of the ADHD diagnosis under the revised criteria.

    Conclusions:

    • The shift from DSM-III ADDH to DSM-III-R ADHD criteria has implications for diagnosing childhood behavioral disorders.
    • The revised ADHD criteria capture a wider spectrum of hyperactive and impulsive behaviors, including those not primarily defined by inattention.
    • Further research is needed to fully understand the clinical and educational implications of these diagnostic modifications.