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Clinically speaking, psychological abuse matters.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Intimate partner violence (IPV) adverse effects on mental health are known, but less so for psychological abuse and male victimization.
  • This study investigates the prevalence and impact of psychological IPV on mental health across genders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the prevalence of psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) in a college student population.
  • To determine the independent contribution of psychological IPV to mental health outcomes in both men and women.
  • To highlight the impact of psychological IPV on post-traumatic stress symptoms, depression, and anxiety.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 661 college students from a Portuguese university completed an online survey.
  • Statistical analysis focused on a subsample (n=364) after excluding physical and/or sexual abuse cases.
  • Multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the relationship between psychological IPV and mental health outcomes.

Main Results:

  • High lifetime prevalence of psychological victimization was reported by 75% of men and 72% of women, with no gender differences.
  • Women reported significantly more instigations of psychological abusive acts (OR = 5.41).
  • Psychological IPV independently predicted post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) (β=.51), depression (β=.34), and anxiety (β=.22), with the strongest link to PTSS.

Conclusions:

  • Psychological IPV has a significant and independent impact on mental health, particularly PTSS, depression, and anxiety.
  • Clinical practice should include screening for psychological IPV using a gender-inclusive approach.
  • Evidence-based protocols are needed to address the needs of psychological IPV victims.