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Marine heatwaves and optimal temperatures for microbial assemblage activity.

Ian Joint1, Dan A Smale2

  • 1The Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, UK ianjoi@mba.ac.uk.

FEMS Microbiology Ecology
|December 13, 2016
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Summary

Microbial activity in the English Channel shows seasonal shifts in temperature response. Rising sea temperatures may exceed optimal conditions for microbial assemblages, impacting biogeochemical cycles.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Marine microbiology
  • Biogeochemistry
  • Oceanography

Background:

  • Microbial assemblages play a crucial role in marine biogeochemical processes.
  • Understanding microbial responses to temperature is vital, especially in the context of climate change.
  • Seasonal variations in coastal water temperatures influence microbial community dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the response of microbial assemblages to instantaneous temperature changes in the western English Channel.
  • To determine seasonal patterns in bacterial abundance and temperature optima.
  • To assess the potential impact of rising sea surface temperatures and marine heatwaves on microbial activity.

Main Methods:

  • Seasonal sampling over 13 months (November 1999-December 2000).
  • Measurement of bacterial abundance via 3H-leucine incorporation across a temperature gradient (5°C to 38°C).
  • Calculation of Q10 values and determination of optimal assemblage temperature (Topt).

Main Results:

  • Bacterial Q10 values exhibited seasonal variation, with higher values (>3) in autumn compared to spring and summer (around 2).
  • The optimal temperature for microbial assemblages (Topt) showed a seasonal pattern, often out of phase with sea surface temperature.
  • In winter, Topt was significantly higher (approx. 20°C) than ambient sea surface temperature, while in summer, it was only slightly higher (2.8°C).

Conclusions:

  • Discrete periods of anomalously high sea surface temperatures may approach or surpass temperatures critical for maximum microbial activity.
  • Increasing frequency and intensity of marine heatwaves due to climate change could significantly alter microbial assemblage function.
  • Changes in microbial activity under extreme temperatures may have profound implications for marine biogeochemical processes.