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Related Concept Videos

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Non-Stoichiometric Defects01:29

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Non-Stoichiometric Defects

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Non-stoichiometric defects refer to a type of defect in the crystal structure of a compound where the ratio of its constituent elements deviates from the ideal stoichiometric ratio. There are two main types of non-stoichiometric defects: metal excess defects and metal deficiency defects.Metal excess defects occur when there is a slight surplus of metal ions than what is required by the stoichiometric ratio of the compound. For example, heating a sodium chloride crystal in sodium vapor results...
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Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

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Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
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Equation of State01:07

Equation of State

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The equation of state is an equation that relates physical quantities, such as pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles, of a thermodynamics system with each other. The equation relating physical quantities with each other can be a simple mathematical expression or too complicated to express in mathematical form. In either case, a relationship between physical quantities exists. If the equation of state cannot be expressed in a mathematical form, then experimental data and...
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Vapor Pressure Lowering

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The equilibrium vapor pressure of a liquid is the pressure exerted by its gaseous phase when vaporization and condensation are occurring at equal rates:
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

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Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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ScVO4 under non-hydrostatic compression: a new metastable polymorph.

Alka B Garg1, D Errandonea, P Rodríguez-Hernández

  • 1High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|December 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High pressure transforms scandium vanadate (ScVO4) to a new structure. This metastable fergusonite phase, recoverable at ambient conditions, shows potential for green technologies like hydrogen production.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Scandium vanadate (ScVO4) is a material with potential applications.
  • Understanding its high-pressure behavior is crucial for exploring new phases and properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the high-pressure (HP) behavior of scandium vanadate (ScVO4) under non-hydrostatic compression.
  • To characterize the structural phase transition and recover the high-pressure phase at ambient conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Synchrotron-based powder X-ray diffraction (XRD).
  • Optical-absorption spectroscopy.
  • Raman spectroscopy.
  • Theoretical calculations.

Main Results:

  • A non-reversible phase transition from zircon to fergusonite structure was detected around 6 GPa with a 10% volume change.
  • The fergusonite-type ScVO4 was successfully recovered as a metastable phase at ambient conditions.
  • The fergusonite phase is stiffer than the zircon phase, with a smaller band gap (2.3 eV vs 2.75 eV).

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms the existence and recoverability of a metastable fergusonite-type ScVO4 phase.
  • This novel polymorph exhibits distinct structural and optical properties compared to the ambient phase.
  • The reduced band gap suggests potential applications in green technologies, such as photocatalysis for hydrogen production.