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Assessing pulp stones by cone-beam computed tomography.

Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva1, Marina C Prado2, Polyane M Queiroz3

  • 1Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rua Herotides de Oliveira, 61/902. Icaraí, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. nogueiraemmanuel@hotmail.com.

Clinical Oral Investigations
|December 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Pulp stones are common, especially in molars. Dental restorations significantly increase the likelihood of pulp stone formation, particularly in maxillary teeth, as shown by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis.

Keywords:
Clinical studyCone-beam computed tomographyDental pulp calcificationPrevalencePulp stones

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral Radiology
  • Endodontics

Background:

  • Pulp stones, or denticles, are calcifications within the dental pulp.
  • Their prevalence and contributing factors are not fully understood.
  • Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers detailed 3D imaging for dental diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of pulp stones using CBCT.
  • To investigate correlations between pulp stone occurrence and patient demographics, tooth location, tooth group, and dental restorations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 382 patients' CBCT scans (2833 teeth).
  • Evaluation of images using i-CAT software in sagittal, axial, and coronal views.
  • Statistical analysis including chi-square test, odds ratio, and Fisher's exact test.

Main Results:

  • Pulp stones detected in 31.9% of patients and 9.5% of teeth.
  • Prevalence was similar between genders and tooth locations.
  • Molars (maxillary and mandibular) showed the highest frequency.
  • Restorations increased pulp stone occurrence by 2.1 times overall and 4.7 times in maxillary teeth.

Conclusions:

  • Pulp stones are highly prevalent, with molars being most affected.
  • Dental restorations are a significant risk factor for pulp stone formation, especially in maxillary teeth.
  • CBCT is an effective tool for visualizing and analyzing pulp stones in three dimensions.