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Related Concept Videos

Other Glycolytic Pathways01:24

Other Glycolytic Pathways

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The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) operates in parallel with glycolysis, facilitating the metabolism of both pentoses and glucose. This pathway consists of two distinct phases: the oxidative and non-oxidative phases. While it does not directly generate ATP, the intermediates formed during the process can integrate into glycolysis, contributing to cellular energy metabolism when required.Oxidative Phase: NADPH ProductionThe oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway is primarily...
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Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

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The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
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Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

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Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
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Synthetic Biology02:55

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Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
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ER Retrieval Pathway01:45

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In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
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Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

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The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
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Pathway swapping: Toward modular engineering of essential cellular processes.

Niels G A Kuijpers1, Daniel Solis-Escalante1, Marijke A H Luttik1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic biology now allows entire metabolic pathway implementation in microorganisms. This study introduces "pathway swapping" in yeast, enabling modular engineering of central metabolism for accelerated research.

Keywords:
Saccharomyces cerevisiaeglycolysismodular genomespathway swapping

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic Biology
  • Metabolic Engineering
  • Microbial Genomics

Background:

  • Synthetic biology advances enable one-step metabolic pathway implementation in industrial microbes.
  • Remodeling central metabolism accelerates research but is hindered by microbial genome organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome limitations in microbial genome organization for metabolic engineering.
  • To introduce and validate the concept of "pathway swapping" for modular metabolic pathway replacement.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a "single-locus glycolysis" Saccharomyces cerevisiae platform.
  • Enabled replacement of all 26 native glycolytic isoenzymes with alternative configurations.
  • Constructed and characterized yeast strains with non-native glycolytic pathways.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created a yeast platform for facile replacement of glycolytic pathways.
  • Demonstrated growth of S. cerevisiae on non-native glycolytic pathways, including one from Saccharomyces kudriavzevii and a hybrid yeast-human pathway.
  • Validated the feasibility of modular, combinatorial engineering of core cellular processes.

Conclusions:

  • Pathway swapping is a feasible and powerful approach for engineering and analyzing core cellular processes.
  • Modular, combinatorial strategies can overcome genomic limitations in metabolic engineering.
  • This platform accelerates fundamental and applied research in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering.