Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia Presenting as Leukemia Cutis.

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Dermatology
• Oncology

Background:

• Leukemia cutis (LC) involves leukemic cell infiltration of the skin, causing visible lesions.
• LC is frequently observed in congenital leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia.
• LC is infrequently reported in mixed phenotypic acute leukemia (MPAL).

Purpose of the Study:

• To report the first case of an adult patient with MPAL of the T/myeloid with monocytic differentiation presenting with leukemia cutis.
• To describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment outcome of this rare condition.

Main Methods:

• A case study of an adult female patient presenting with generalized erythematous papular and nodular skin lesions.
• Diagnostic procedures included skin biopsy confirming leukemic infiltration and bone marrow aspiration revealing MPAL (T/myeloid with monocytic differentiation).

Main Results:

• The patient presented with extensive, clinically recognizable cutaneous lesions.
• Skin biopsy confirmed leukemic infiltration, and bone marrow aspiration diagnosed MPAL of the T/myeloid with monocytic differentiation lineage.
• Following chemotherapy with Hyper-CVAD, the patient achieved complete resolution of skin lesions and bone marrow remission after the first cycle.

Conclusions:

• This case represents the first documented instance of leukemia cutis in an adult with MPAL of the T/myeloid with monocytic differentiation.
• Chemotherapy demonstrated significant efficacy in treating both the cutaneous manifestations and the underlying hematologic malignancy.