Wideband and low-dispersion engineered slow light using liquid infiltration of a modified photonic crystal waveguide

We present a wideband and low-dispersion slow-light photonic crystal waveguide with a large normalized delay-bandwidth product that can be exploited in many ultra-compact all-optical devices, such as modulators and switches. The proposed new approach is based on infiltrating optical fluid into the first and second rows of the shifted air holes adjacent to the line-defect waveguide in a hexagonal lattice of photonic crystal. The simulation results show that the normalized delay-bandwidth product can be enhanced to a large value of 0.469 with a wide bandwidth operation of 36.8 nm in the C-band frequency optical communication window. Furthermore, by means of two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain calculations, the low-dispersion slow-light propagation is demonstrated by simulating the temporal Gaussian pulse width broadening.