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Extraction-controlled terahertz frequency quantum cascade lasers with a diagonal LO-phonon extraction and injection
Optics Express
|December 14, 2016
Summary
We developed a terahertz quantum cascade laser (THz QCL) using diagonal LO-phonon scattering for efficient electron injection and extraction. This design achieved high-temperature performance, operating up to 123 K.
Area of Science:
- Quantum electronics
- Solid-state physics
- Terahertz technology
Background:
- Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are semiconductor lasers.
- Efficient carrier injection and extraction are crucial for QCL performance.
- Terahertz (THz) frequency generation presents unique design challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and investigate an extraction-controlled THz quantum cascade laser.
- To utilize diagonal LO-phonon scattering for improved carrier dynamics.
- To optimize the laser design for high-temperature operation.
Main Methods:
- Implementation of diagonal LO-phonon scattering for carrier injection and extraction.
- Experimental investigation of radiative transition diagonality and oscillator strength.
- Device fabrication in a double-metal waveguide configuration.
- Modeling using an extended density matrix approach.
Main Results:
- A 3.3 THz QCL operated up to 123 K in pulsed mode.
- Threshold current density was 1.3 kA/cm² at 10 K.
- Highest temperature performance achieved with a scaled oscillator strength of 0.45.
- Parasitic current paths were identified as a cause for large threshold current.
Conclusions:
- The extraction-controlled THz QCL design demonstrates efficient operation.
- Diagonal LO-phonon scattering is effective for carrier management in THz QCLs.
- The design serves as a platform for studying scattering injection mechanisms.
