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[Experimental and clinical studies on cefodizime in pediatrics]
H Nakamura1, M Miyazu, K Kasai
1Department of Pediatrics, Meitetsu Hospital.
Insights
Cefodizime (CDZM) demonstrated a 2.01-hour half-life and 77.34% urinary elimination in children. This antibiotic achieved a 97.1% efficacy rate against pediatric infections with no adverse reactions.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Antibiotic Efficacy Studies
Background:
- Cefodizime (CDZM) is an antibiotic evaluated for pediatric use.
- Understanding its pharmacokinetic profile and clinical effectiveness is crucial for treatment guidelines.
Observation:
- Serum and urinary levels of CDZM were assessed in 7 children (3-12 years) post-IV injection (20 mg/kg).
- Pharmacokinetic parameters included an average serum level of 119.27 µg/ml at 30 min and a half-life of 2.01 hours.
- Urinary elimination rate averaged 77.34%.
Findings:
- CDZM was administered to 39 pediatric patients (2 months-15 years) with various infections.
- Clinical efficacy reached 97.1% (29 excellent, 5 good) across acute tonsillitis, pneumonia, otitis media, and UTIs.
- Bacteriological eradication rate was 93.3% for pathogens including Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
- No adverse reactions were reported; minimal laboratory abnormalities occurred in isolated cases.
Implications:
- Cefodizime exhibits excellent usefulness in treating childhood infections.
- Its favorable safety and efficacy profile suggests potential utility in immunocompromised pediatric patients.
Abstract:
1. Absorption and elimination Serum and urinary levels of cefodizime (CDZM, THR-221) were determined in 7 children with ages ranging from 3 to 12 years after a intravenous bolus injection of the drug at 20 mg/kg. The average serum level of the drug was 119.27 +/- 13.83 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, then decreased gradually with a half-life of 2.01 +/- 0.25 hours to 10.56 +/- 2.93 micrograms/ml at 6 hours. The average urinary elimination rate was 77.34 +/- 12.60%. 2. Clinical study CDZM was given to the following 39 patients with ages ranging from 2 months to 15 years and clinical efficacy, bacteriological response and adverse reactions were evaluated. The treated cases were 2 cases of acute purulent tonsillitis, 30 cases of acute pneumonia, 1 case of acute purulent otitis media and 2 cases of acute urinary tract infections. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 29 cases, good in 5 cases and poor in 1 with an efficacy rate of 97.1%. Organisms presumed to be pathogens included 3 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1 beta-Streptococcus, 1 Staphylococcus epidermidis, 9 Haemophilus influenzae (1 beta-lactamase producing strain and 8 non-producing strains) and 1 Enterococcus faecalis. The last one was decreased and the others were eradicated with an eradication rate of 93.3% for all strains. Adverse reactions occurred in no patients. Abnormal changes in laboratory test values involved only 1 case each of elevated GOT, elevated GOT and GPT, eosinophilia and thrombocytosis. Based on the above-mentioned result and features of this drug, it was confirmed that this drug showed an excellent usefulness in the treatment of infections in childhood. It may be also effective in the management of infections under immunosuppression.