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Development and Evaluation of 3D-Printed Cardiovascular Phantoms for Interventional Planning and Training
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Wall-Less Flow Phantoms With Tortuous Vascular Geometries: Design Principles and a Patient-Specific Model Fabrication

Chung Kit Ho, Adrian J Y Chee, Billy Y S Yiu

    IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
    |December 14, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a novel framework for creating realistic vascular flow phantoms using rapid prototyping and investment casting. These phantoms accurately mimic human vasculature and blood flow dynamics for advanced ultrasound studies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Medical Imaging
    • Fluid Dynamics

    Background:

    • Realistic vascular flow phantoms are crucial for advancing ultrasound studies.
    • Existing methods often lack anatomical accuracy or acoustic compatibility.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a new framework for fabricating ultrasound-compatible flow phantoms with realistic human vasculature.
    • To demonstrate the protocol using a patient-specific cerebral aneurysm model.

    Main Methods:

    • Integration of rapid prototyping and investment casting principles.
    • Development of a programmable flow pump system and blood-mimicking fluid.
    • Utilizing polyvinyl alcohol cryogel for tissue-mimicking material.

    Main Results:

    • Phantoms exhibited physiologically relevant acoustic properties (attenuation, speed).
    • Pulsatile flow dynamics closely matched input profiles.
    • 3-D flow visualization of an aneurysm model revealed persistent, shifting recirculation.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed protocol yields acoustically compatible flow phantoms suitable for vascular ultrasound research.
    • These phantoms serve as effective test beds for advanced imaging techniques, including 3-D flow imaging.