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A Mouse Tumor Model of Surgical Stress to Explore the Mechanisms of Postoperative Immunosuppression and Evaluate Novel Perioperative Immunotherapies

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Published on: March 12, 2014

Surgical Therapy.

Chang Wan Oh, Gary K Steinberg

Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience

|December 14, 2016

Summary

Surgical treatments for intracranial atherosclerosis, including angioplasty, stenting, and decompressive craniectomy, are reviewed. Their controversial benefits for stroke prevention in severe cases are discussed.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Neurosurgery
Vascular Surgery

Background:

Intracranial atherosclerosis is a significant cause of stroke.
Medical management is primary, but surgical interventions are sometimes considered.
The efficacy of surgical options for intracranial atherosclerosis remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

To review surgical therapies for intracranial atherosclerosis.
To discuss the role and controversy of surgical interventions in managing stroke risk.

Main Methods:

Literature review of surgical treatments for intracranial atherosclerosis.
Focus on angioplasty, stenting, extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass, and decompressive craniectomy.
Exclusion of EC-IC bypass for moyamoya disease.

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Main Results:

Angioplasty and stenting are used, but benefits can be limited.
EC-IC bypass is considered for severe hemodynamic impairment.
Decompressive craniectomy may reduce mortality in massive middle cerebral artery occlusions.

Conclusions:

Surgical interventions for intracranial atherosclerosis present a complex treatment landscape.
The benefits of surgical procedures, particularly EC-IC bypass, are controversial and require careful patient selection.
Further research is needed to clarify the role of surgery in stroke prevention for this condition.