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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
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Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

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Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
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Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

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In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
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Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

4.1K
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
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A Homoleptic Uranium(III) Tris(aryl) Complex.

Michael A Boreen1, Bernard F Parker1, Trevor D Lohrey1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley , and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Researchers synthesized a novel uranium(III) complex, (Terph)3U, revealing reactive U-C bonds. This complex undergoes insertion and decomposition reactions, yielding new uranium compounds and insights into uranium chemistry.

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Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Uranium Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Uranium's unique electronic properties make it a target for novel complex synthesis.
  • Understanding the reactivity of uranium-carbon bonds is crucial for developing new synthetic methodologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a homoleptic uranium(III) tris(aryl) complex.
  • To investigate the reactivity of the uranium-carbon bonds in the synthesized complex.
  • To explore the decomposition and protonolysis pathways of the uranium(III) complex.

Main Methods:

  • Reaction of lithium aryl precursor (Terph-Li) with uranium triiodide.
  • Characterization of resulting complexes using X-ray crystallography.
  • Analysis of thermal decomposition and protonolysis reactions.

Main Results:

  • Formation of the homoleptic uranium(III) tris(aryl) complex, (Terph)3U.
  • Observation of double insertion of an isocyanide into U-C bonds, forming a new uranium complex.
  • Determination of U-C bond lengths in the synthesized complexes.
  • Identification of Terph-H as the sole product of thermal decomposition, indicating unimolecular intramolecular proton abstraction.
  • Synthesis of a uranium(IV) alkoxide complex via protonolysis.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized uranium(III) complex exhibits reactive U-C bonds susceptible to insertion and decomposition.
  • The decomposition pathway is consistent with intramolecular proton abstraction.
  • This study expands the known reactivity of uranium complexes and provides a foundation for further exploration.