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Transfusion as an Inflammation Hit: Knowns and Unknowns
Olivier Garraud1, S Tariket2, C Sut2
1Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.
Frontiers in Immunology
|December 15, 2016
Summary
Blood transfusions are generally safe, but can cause inflammation. Understanding subclinical inflammation in blood components is key to preventing adverse reactions like alloimmunization.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Immunology
- Transfusion Medicine
Background:
- Blood cell component transfusion is a common and generally safe therapeutic practice.
- Residual clinical manifestations are primarily inflammatory, including alloimmunization and febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions.
- These reactions can be triggered by biological materials accompanying therapeutic components.
Approach:
- This essay reviews current hematology and immunology research.
- It explores the mechanisms, timing, and reasons behind subclinical inflammation in transfusions.
- Focuses on the role of red blood cells and platelets in contributing inflammatory mediators.
Key Points:
- Subclinical inflammation is a key factor underlying alloimmunization.
- Platelets are frequently implicated in contributing inflammatory mediators during transfusion.
- Understanding the role of each component is crucial for mitigating inflammatory hazards.
Conclusions:
- Modern transfusion medicine actively seeks to minimize inflammatory risks.
- Effective reduction of transfusion-related inflammation requires a comprehensive understanding of underlying mechanisms.
- Continued research in hematology and immunology is vital for advancing transfusion safety.
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