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Automatic and directed search processes in solving simple semantic-memory problems.

H Ben-Zur

    Memory & Cognition
    |September 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study explored semantic memory by asking participants to find a solution word linking two stimuli. Providing cues about the solution

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    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Linguistics

    Background:

    • Semantic memory underlies our ability to understand and use language.
    • Retrieval from semantic memory involves complex cognitive processes.
    • Understanding these processes is key to explaining human cognition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Investigate cognitive processes in simple semantic-memory problems.
    • Examine factors influencing solution attainment in word-pair tasks.
    • Explore the role of priming in semantic memory retrieval.

    Main Methods:

    • Four experiments were conducted involving word-pair association tasks.
    • Participants were instructed to find a third word connecting two stimuli.
    • Experimental conditions manipulated cueing, word-pair frequency, and stimulus association.
    • A post hoc analysis examined indirect priming effects.

    Main Results:

    • Informing participants about the solution's position (first/second element) improved performance.
    • High-frequency word pairs and stimuli with fewer associations facilitated solution attainment.
    • Rehearsing a stimulus word aided in producing associated word pairs.
    • Indirect priming from one stimulus word facilitated solution production.

    Conclusions:

    • Cognitive processes in semantic memory retrieval can be influenced by explicit cues and implicit priming.
    • Findings support models involving both automatic and controlled processing.
    • Results offer insights into how semantic information is accessed and organized.

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