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Thyroid dose distribution in dental radiography.

R G Bristow¹, R E Wood, G M Clark

¹Ontario Cancer Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Oral Pathology

|October 1, 1989

Summary

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A new intraoral dental radiography technique significantly reduces thyroid radiation exposure by 100% to 350% compared to panoramic methods. This method offers better image quality and thyroid protection, potentially replacing panoramic radiography.

Area of Science:

Radiology
Dental Imaging
Radiation Dosimetry

Background:

The thyroid gland's anatomical location and radiosensitivity necessitate careful consideration in dental radiography.
Conventional panoramic radiography and intraoral techniques pose varying levels of radiation risk to the thyroid.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the absorbed radiation dose to the thyroid gland between a minimum irradiated volume intraoral technique and conventional panoramic radiography.
To evaluate the efficacy of rectangular collimation and lead-backed image receptors in reducing thyroid dose.

Main Methods:

Utilized a calibrated thermoluminescent dosimetry system to measure absorbed dose (microGy) to the thyroid.
Compared a minimum irradiated volume intraoral full-mouth radiography technique with rectangular collimation and lead-backed receptors against conventional panoramic radiography with lead aprons.

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Main Results:

The minimum irradiated volume intraoral technique significantly decreased absorbed thyroid dose by 100% to 350% (p < 0.05).
This intraoral technique yielded superior radiograph image quality compared to panoramic radiography.

Conclusions:

The minimum irradiated volume intraoral technique offers a substantial reduction in thyroid radiation exposure.
This technique presents a potentially safer and more effective alternative to conventional panoramic radiography for dental imaging.