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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

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The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
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Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

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In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
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X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

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X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
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Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic
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Structure beyond pair correlations: X-ray cross-correlation from colloidal crystals.

Felix Lehmkühler1, Birgit Fischer1, Leonard Müller2

  • 1Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.

Journal of Applied Crystallography
|December 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

X-ray cross-correlation analysis (XCCA) reveals detailed crystal structures in colloidal systems. This advanced technique overcomes limitations of conventional methods, offering deeper insights into structure formation and phase transitions.

Keywords:
X-ray cross-correlation analysiscoherent X-ray scatteringcolloidal crystalssmall-angle X-ray scattering

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Colloidal crystals and glasses present challenges in structural analysis due to poor crystalline quality.
  • Conventional methods like the static structure factor have limitations in extracting detailed structural information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the utility of X-ray cross-correlation analysis (XCCA) for studying colloidal systems.
  • To extract structural information beyond the static structure factor and overcome powder averaging limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Application of X-ray cross-correlation analysis (XCCA) to hard-sphere colloidal crystals and glasses.
  • Analysis of cross-correlation functions to extract unit-cell structure and identify crystal type.

Main Results:

  • XCCA successfully extracts structural information beyond the static structure factor.
  • The study identified the crystal structure as face-centered cubic.
  • Nontrivial correlations were observed, providing detailed insights into crystal structures.

Conclusions:

  • XCCA is a valuable tool for X-ray crystallography, especially for colloidal systems.
  • The method enhances understanding of structure formation processes and phase transitions.
  • XCCA offers a more detailed insight into crystal structures than conventional crystallography.