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Predictors of Long-Term Victimization After Early Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury

Anna H Hung1, Amy Cassedy, Hanna M Schultz

  • 1*Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH; †Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; ‡Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; §Departments of Psychology, Pediatrics, and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; ‖Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; ¶Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University and MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH; **Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. Dr Hung is now at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry.

Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics : JDBP
|December 17, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) face a higher risk of peer victimization. These children also exhibit more significant executive functioning deficits and slower processing speeds compared to peers with less severe injuries.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Medicine

Background:

  • Pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) can lead to lasting functional and social challenges.
  • Children with TBI may experience increased peer victimization compared to uninjured peers.
  • Deficits in social information processing (SIP), cognitive ability, and executive functioning (EF) are potential contributors to this heightened risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare peer victimization rates in children with early TBI versus orthopedic injuries (OIs).
  • To investigate the mediating roles of processing speed, EF, and SIP in the TBI-peer victimization association.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study followed children aged 10-14 who sustained TBI (N=58) or OI (N=72) between ages 3-7.
  • Assessments occurred 6.8 years post-injury, including measures of SIP, EF, processing speed, and peer victimization via parent report.

Main Results:

  • Parents reported higher peer victimization rates for children with severe TBI compared to children with OIs.
  • Children with severe TBI showed greater EF deficits than those with mild/moderate TBI or OI.
  • Children with severe TBI had poorer processing speed than children with OI.
  • No significant mediation effects were found for SIP, EF, or processing speed.

Conclusions:

  • Parent reports indicate a higher risk of peer victimization for children with severe TBI.
  • Severe TBI is associated with more impaired EF and cognitive abilities.
  • Further research is necessary to identify predictors of long-term victimization and develop targeted interventions for social, emotional, and behavioral skill-building.
Abstract

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