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Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
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Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

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Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
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Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State01:18

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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Operation in Rats
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Fasting Circulating Glicentin Increases After Bariatric Surgery.

Juliette Raffort1,2, Patricia Panaïa-Ferrari1,3, Fabien Lareyre2,4

  • 1Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, University Hospital of Nice, 30 Avenue de la Voie Romaine CS 51069, 06002, Nice Cedex 1, France.

Obesity Surgery
|December 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fasting glicentin levels increase after bariatric surgery, particularly Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). This suggests glicentin may be a marker for physiological changes post-obesity surgery.

Keywords:
Bariatric surgeryGlicentinLaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomyObesityRoux-en-Y gastric bypass

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Surgery
  • Obesity Medicine

Background:

  • Bariatric surgery, including RYGB and LSG, is a key treatment for severe obesity.
  • Metabolic changes post-surgery are linked to hormonal shifts.
  • Glicentin's role in these hormonal changes is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in circulating glicentin levels after bariatric surgery.
  • To compare glicentin variations between RYGB and LSG procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 30 patients undergoing RYGB or LSG.
  • Fasting blood samples collected pre-surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-surgery.
  • Analysis of glicentin concentrations and correlation with clinical data.

Main Results:

  • Fasting glicentin levels increased significantly at 12 months post-surgery in both RYGB and LSG groups.
  • RYGB showed a greater fold increase in glicentin compared to LSG at 12 months.
  • Glicentin changes did not correlate with anthropometric, glycemic, or lipid parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Fasting glicentin levels rise after bariatric surgery.
  • Glicentin may serve as a potential marker for physiological adaptations following RYGB and LSG.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate glicentin's precise role.