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Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes
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Translating knowledge about abiotic stress tolerance to breeding programmes.

Matthew Gilliham1,2, Jason A Able2, Stuart J Roy2,3

  • 1ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology
|December 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant breeding aims to boost crop yields, but current progress is insufficient to meet future global food demands. Enhancing crop resilience to abiotic stresses like drought and salinity is crucial for food security.

Keywords:
Sorghum bicolorTriticum aestivumCIPK16DrysdaleHKT1food securitypartial root zone dryingtranspiration efficiencyyield potentialyield stability

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Global crop production increases annually due to plant breeding and agronomic advancements.
  • Current yield improvement rates are insufficient to meet projected 2050 global food demands.
  • Abiotic stresses (water limitation, salinity, extreme temperatures) significantly reduce crop yields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze conventional breeding programs and their focus on optimal conditions versus stress tolerance.
  • To highlight the gap between fundamental research on plant stress tolerance and its application in commercial crop improvement.
  • To demonstrate potential yield gains through translating research into field-ready solutions for abiotic stress mitigation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of conventional plant breeding processes.
  • Analysis of fundamental research on plant stress tolerance mechanisms.
  • Case studies of successful translation of research into commercial crop improvements, focusing on water-use efficiency and salinity tolerance.

Main Results:

  • Conventional breeding often prioritizes yield under optimal conditions, neglecting stress resilience.
  • Significant potential exists for yield gains by applying research on abiotic stress tolerance.
  • Improvements in crop water-use efficiency and salinity tolerance offer substantial benefits.

Conclusions:

  • A disconnect exists between plant stress tolerance research and its translation into practical agricultural solutions.
  • New funding models are essential to bridge this gap and accelerate research translation.
  • Integrated funding for fundamental, pre-breeding, and breeding research is vital for achieving food security targets.