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Updated: Mar 10, 2026
09:31
Analyzing Oxidative Stress in Murine Intestinal Organoids using Reactive Oxygen Species-Sensitive Fluorogenic Probe
Published on: September 17, 2021
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Redox signaling mediated by the gut microbiota
Rheinallt M Jones1, Andrew S Neish2
1Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michaels St, Room 105-L, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|December 20, 2016
Summary
Gut bacteria trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) in intestinal cells, influencing host physiology. This review explores how microbial signals activate NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) and impact cellular signaling pathways.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Mammalian gut microbiota influences host physiology, including immune responses and barrier function.
- Mechanisms of microbial-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in intestinal epithelia are less understood than in phagocytes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent discoveries on microbial-induced ROS generation in host cells.
- To elucidate the functional effects of ROS on host physiology and identify molecular mediators.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing research on microbial-epithelial interactions and ROS production.
- Focus on Formyl Peptide Receptors (FPRs) and NADPH oxidase (Nox) enzymes.
Main Results:
- Enteric commensal bacteria induce rapid ROS generation in intestinal epithelial cells via FPRs and NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1).
- Enzymatically generated ROS act as second messengers, modulating signaling pathways involving redox-sensitive proteins.
Conclusions:
- Microbial-induced ROS are critical for mediating the physiological effects of the gut microbiota.
- Understanding these mechanisms provides insight into host-microbe interactions and intestinal homeostasis.
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