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All-Solution-Based Aggregation Control in Solid-State Photon Upconverting Organic Model Composites.

Hossein Goudarzi¹, Panagiotis E Keivanidis²

¹Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi , Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|December 20, 2016

Summary

This study reveals how aggregate formation in solid-state organic composites impacts photon-energy upconversion. Optimizing phase segregation in DPA:PtOEP systems maximizes triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) efficiency.

Keywords:

energy migration exciton hopping phosphorescence photon upconversion sensitization triplet fusion

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Area of Science:

Organic electronics
Photophysics
Materials science

Background:

Triplet-triplet annihilation-induced photon-energy upconversion (TTA-UC) is crucial for organic optoelectronic devices.
The role of intermolecular states and aggregate formation in solid-state TTA-UC remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the impact of aggregate formation on TTA-UC properties in solid-state organic composites.
To investigate the relationship between phase segregation and TTA-UC efficiency.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of solution-processable solid-state TTA-UC organic composites with varying phase segregation.
Utilizing a low-temperature solution-processing protocol with different solvents and a polystyrene matrix.
Performing time-gated photoluminescence spectroscopy (nanosecond and microsecond scales).

Main Results:

Six distinct aggregation states were achieved in 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) and platinum(II) octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) composites.
Optimized PtOEP segregation facilitated efficient triplet exciton migration and energy transfer to DPA.
Maximum DPA TTA-UC luminescence occurred at a specific PtOEP bimolecular annihilation constant (γ_TTA-PtOEP ≈ 1.1 × 10^-13 cm³ s^-1).

Conclusions:

Aggregate formation significantly influences TTA-UC efficiency in solid-state organic composites.
Controlled phase segregation is key to maximizing TTA-UC performance.
Understanding these intermolecular effects enables the design of advanced upconversion materials.