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Clinical and Metabolic Characteristics among Mexican Children with Different Types of Diabetes Mellitus

María Lola Evia-Viscarra1, Rodolfo Guardado-Mendoza2, Edel Rafael Rodea-Montero2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, León, Guanajuato, México.

Plos One
|December 20, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Type 1.5 diabetes mellitus (T1.5DM) in children presents unique characteristics, often showing higher C-peptide and hs-CRP levels. This classification is crucial for tailored pediatric diabetes care.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Current diabetes mellitus (DM) classification includes type 1 (T1DM), type 2 (T2DM), gestational, and others based on etiology.
  • Type 1.5 DM (T1.5DM) describes patients with characteristics of both T1DM and T2DM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify pediatric DM patients based on pancreatic autoimmunity and overweight/obesity status.
  • To compare clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical features across different pediatric DM classifications.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 140 pediatric patients from the Cohort of Mexican Children with DM (CMC-DM).
  • Classification considered pancreatic autoimmunity (GAD-65, IAA, AICA antibodies) and overweight/obesity.
  • Statistical comparison of variables used Kruskal-Wallis or chi-squared tests.

Main Results:

  • Analysis included T1ADM (18.57%), T1BDM (46.43%), T1.5DM (12.14%), and T2DM (22.86%).
  • Fasting C-Peptide (FCP) and hs-CRP levels were elevated in T1.5DM and T2DM, with highest levels in T1.5DM (p<0.001, p=0.024).

Conclusions:

  • Etiologic mechanisms of T1DM and T2DM are not mutually exclusive.
  • FCP levels are not critical for DM classification in children.
  • T1.5DM should be considered in pediatric DM classification for tailored treatment and care.
Abstract

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