Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 9, 2026

In vivo and in vitro Studies of Adaptor-clathrin Interaction
Published on: January 26, 2011
Extracellular functions of 14-3-3 adaptor proteins
Andrew Kaplan1, Mardja Bueno1, Alyson E Fournier1
1Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H3A 2B4, Canada.
Abstract:
14-3-3s are a family of adaptor proteins with a wide range of roles in cell signaling. Although they are primarily localized within the cytosol, 14-3-3s are also known to be present in the extracellular environment. Externalization of 14-3-3 can occur as a result of cell death or physiologically via release in exosomes. Interesting biological activities with relevance for tissue homeostasis and disease are now being described for extracellular 14-3-3s. Moreover, aminopeptidase N (APN) has been identified as a cell surface receptor for 14-3-3s. Here we review the array of bioactivities that have been ascribed to extracellular 14-3-3s and discuss applications as biomarkers and as targets for drug development.
Related Concept Videos
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
Some...
Assembly of Signaling Complexes
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions
Cytoskeletal Accessory Proteins
Catenins
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved...

