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Membrane-assisted viral DNA ejection.

Isaac Santos-Pérez1, Hanna M Oksanen2, Dennis H Bamford2

  • 1Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. General Subjects
|December 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The internal viral membrane in bacteriophage PRD1 actively drives DNA ejection and counteracts host pressure. This suggests internal membranes offer a biological advantage for viruses packaging dense DNA.

Keywords:
Biophysical modelingCryo-electron tomographyLipid-containing virusesMembrane vesicle and propertiesModels of viral DNA packagingViral DNA delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Structural Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Viral genome packaging and delivery are essential for replication.
  • Icosahedral viruses typically use a packaging ATPase to load double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) into a procapsid.
  • Membrane-containing viruses like bacteriophage PRD1 have unique genome delivery mechanisms involving internal membrane vesicles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the internal membrane vesicle in bacteriophage PRD1 infection.
  • To determine if the viral membrane actively contributes to genome ejection and host interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Cryo-electron tomography was used to analyze the volume of PRD1 membrane vesicles.
  • Modeling of vesicle elastic properties was performed.
  • Analysis focused on the interaction between the viral membrane and the packaged dsDNA.

Main Results:

  • The internal membrane vesicle plays an active role in maintaining the driving force for DNA ejection.
  • The viral membrane helps to counteract the internal turgor pressure of the host cell.
  • These functions extend beyond simple tube formation or genome confinement.

Conclusions:

  • The PRD1 viral membrane is crucial for efficient genome ejection by actively contributing to the ejection force and managing host pressure.
  • The internal membrane's role in bacteriophage PRD1 infection highlights novel functions beyond structural confinement.
  • This internal membrane-assisted mechanism may be advantageous for other viruses packaging dsDNA within internal vesicles.