Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
Published on: May 2, 2025
The dysregulated brain: consequences of spatial and temporal brain complexity for bipolar disorder pathophysiology
Bartholomeus Cm 'Benno' Haarman1,2, Rixt F Riemersma-Van der Lek1, Huibert Burger1,3
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Increasingly, evidence has been accumulating emphasizing the importance of looking at bipolar disorder (BD) from a neurodevelopmental and transdimensional perspective to better understand its origins and its course. In this overview article, the problems facing pathophysiological psychiatric research in BD are addressed and interpreted in the light of brain complexity. Brain complexity can be split into spatial complexity, which constitutes the physiological levels of the central nervous system (i.e., the genetic, molecular, cellular, neuronal circuit and phenomenological levels), and temporal complexity, that is, neurodevelopment. The consequences of this consideration are discussed and suggestions for clinical practice and pathophysiological psychiatric research are made.
More Related Videos
07:30Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
Published on: August 18, 2020
10:02Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
Published on: March 12, 2020
Related Concept Videos
Bipolar Disorder
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview
Borderline Personality Disorder
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Fugue
A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...