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[Health status of children born to women with renal pathology]
Insights
Children born to mothers with kidney disease have a high risk of developing urinary system organ (USO) pathologies, often linked to developmental issues. Early detection and preventative measures are crucial for these high-risk infants.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pediatrics
- Genetics
Background:
- Maternal renal diseases like glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, and hereditary nephritis pose risks to offspring.
- Previous studies indicate a potential link between maternal kidney conditions and congenital abnormalities in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence and nature of urinary system organ (USO) pathologies in children born to mothers with renal diseases.
- To identify risk factors and explore preventative strategies for USO pathologies in this cohort.
- To understand the specific patterns of USO diseases in relation to different maternal renal conditions.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal follow-up of children (4-5+ years) born to mothers with glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, and hereditary nephritis.
- Retrospective questionnaire-based study to assess perinatal lethality.
- Detailed investigations to diagnose USO diseases and other conditions in children aged 3-10 years.
- Analysis of disease patterns, including anatomical abnormalities, tissue dysplasia, and metabolic nephropathies.
Main Results:
- A significant rate of USO pathologies and other newly diagnosed diseases (at ages 3-10) was observed in children of mothers with renal diseases.
- High perinatal lethality was noted in infants born to women with renal diseases.
- USO pathologies predominantly involved dysembryogenesis at organ, tissue, and cellular levels.
- In hereditary nephritis cases, USO pathology mirrored the maternal condition, suggesting monogenic inheritance.
- Environmental factors during pregnancy may contribute to USO diseases in children of mothers with glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis.
Conclusions:
- Children of mothers with renal diseases exhibit a high incidence of USO pathologies, often stemming from developmental disruptions.
- Both genetic predisposition (hereditary nephritis) and potential environmental influences during gestation contribute to USO disease development.
- There is a critical need for targeted preventative measures and early diagnostic approaches for USO pathologies in infants of mothers with kidney disease.
Abstract:
The children born to mothers suffering from glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis and hereditary nephritis were followed up for 4-5 and more years. This allowed a conclusion about a considerable rate of the birth of children with pathology of the urinary system organs (USO) and with diseases of other organs which were diagnosed for the first time at the age of 3-10 years as a result of goal-oriented investigations. The groups of the children born to women with renal diseases were marked by a high perinatal lethality studied by means of retrospective questionnaire. As for the structure of the USO diseases, the children manifested the predominance of the disease patterns associated with dysembryogenesis at the organ (anatomic abnormalities), tissue (dysplasia of the renal tissue) and at the cellular levels (metabolic nephropathies). In children born to women with hereditary nephritis, USO pathology was of the same kind and occurred only in the form of hereditary nephritis, which corresponds to the concepts of monogenously inherited pathology. The demonstration during pregnancy of a considerable rate of the environmental effects capable of exerting a damaging action on the embryonal development of children born to women with glomerulo- and pyelonephritis suggests a concomitant genesis of USO diseases in children born to mothers suffering from renal diseases. The authors discuss measures aimed at the prevention or reduction of the incidence of USO pathology in children as well as at the recognition of pathologies in children born to women with renal diseases at the predisease stage.