Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors
Published on: February 25, 2020
Commentary on Pharmacometrics for Immunotherapy
M J Garrido1,2, P Berraondo2,3, I F Trocóniz1,2
1Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Abstract:
This commentary provides an overview of recent examples of pharmacometrics applied during the clinical development of two antagonists of the programmed death-1 (PD-1) cell surface receptor, pembrolizumab and nivolumab. Despite the remarkable achievements obtained in predicting the correct dosing schedule from different quantitative approaches, data indicated a great degree of heterogeneity in tumor response. To achieve therapeutic goals the search for predictive biomarkers associated with a lack of response and mechanism-based combination studies are warranted.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems
Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters
Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions
Dosage Regimen: Individualization
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

