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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
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Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

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Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
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Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
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Proteomics in cardiovascular disease: recent progress and clinical implication and implementation.

Marika Mokou1, Vasiliki Lygirou1, Antonia Vlahou1

  • 1a Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece.

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Proteomics research offers new insights into cardiovascular disease mechanisms and identifies potential biomarkers. Integrating proteomics with other omics data can advance drug development and clinical applications for heart disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular proteomics
  • Biomarker discovery
  • Molecular pathophysiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease remains a leading global cause of death.
  • Proteomic approaches enhance understanding of disease mechanisms.
  • Significant advancements have been made in cardiovascular proteomics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in cardiovascular proteomics.
  • To summarize findings on novel biomarkers for cardiovascular disease.
  • To provide insight into molecular pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search conducted in PubMed and Web of Science.
  • Analysis of 704 PubMed and 320 Web of Science studies.
  • Focus on original research articles utilizing proteomics technologies for biomarker discovery in humans.

Main Results:

  • Proteins associated with cardiovascular disease involve pathways in inflammation, wound healing, coagulation, and lipid metabolism.
  • Extracellular matrix organization and proteolysis are implicated.
  • Identified candidate biomarkers offer potential for improved disease management.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomics is a powerful tool for understanding cardiovascular disease.
  • Future research should enhance proteome coverage and integrate multi-omics data.
  • Integration will facilitate drug development and clinical implementation of findings.