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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

An Experimental Human DIEP Flap Model to Investigate Preservation Strategies for Vascularized Composite Allografts and Free Flaps
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Free flap surgery in the elderly: Experience with 110 cases aged ≥70 years.

A Sierakowski1, A Nawar1, M Parker2

  • 1St Andrew's Centre for Plastic Surgery and Burns, Chelmsford, UK.

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery : JPRAS
|December 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Free tissue transfer is technically successful in elderly patients (≥70 years). Careful assessment of premorbid status and minimizing anesthesia time are key to reducing complications in older adults.

Keywords:
ComplicationsElderlyFree flapReconstructive microsurgeryRisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Reconstructive surgery
  • Geriatric surgery

Background:

  • Free tissue transfer is a complex reconstructive procedure.
  • Its application and outcomes in elderly patients (≥70 years) require specific evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of free tissue transfer in elderly patients.
  • To identify predictors of complications in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 110 free tissue transfers in 104 patients aged ≥70 years over a 7-year period.
  • Analysis of demographic, operative, and postoperative variables, including medical and surgical complications.
  • Assessment of preoperative comorbidity using the ACE-27 index.

Main Results:

  • Overall complication rate was 58% (64/110 procedures).
  • Medical complications (25/110) were mainly pulmonary; surgical complications occurred in 54/110 cases.
  • Successful flap transfer was achieved in 105/110 cases, with low operative mortality.
  • Anesthetic duration predicted medical complications; ACE-27 score predicted recipient site complications.

Conclusions:

  • Free tissue transfer can be performed with high technical success and low mortality in elderly patients.
  • Chronological age alone should not preclude surgery; premorbid status is a critical factor.
  • Minimizing general anesthesia duration is crucial for reducing postoperative medical complications.