Daptomycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia - a systematic review.
Priyasha Uppal1, Kerry L LaPlante2, Melissa M Gaitanis3
1Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI USA.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control
|December 22, 2016
Summary
Daptomycin can cause eosinophilic pneumonia (EP), a lung disease characterized by increased eosinophils. Elderly males on daptomycin, especially with kidney issues, are most at risk, with symptoms resolving after drug cessation.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) is a lung disease characterized by increased eosinophils in lung tissue and sometimes the bloodstream.
- Several case reports suggest a link between daptomycin use and the development of EP.
Approach:
- A systematic literature review was conducted to identify and analyze case reports of EP associated with daptomycin.
- Studies were searched across multiple databases (PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Clin-Alert) and reference lists.
- Data from 35 patient cases were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Key Points:
- The typical patient was male (83%), elderly (mean age 65.4 years), and often had renal dysfunction.
- Common symptoms included dyspnea (94%), fever (57%), peripheral eosinophilia (77%), and pulmonary infiltrates on imaging (86%).
- Symptoms improved within 24 hours to 1 week after discontinuing daptomycin, with many patients also receiving corticosteroids.
Conclusions:
- Daptomycin is a potential cause of eosinophilic pneumonia.
- Awareness of daptomycin-induced EP is crucial for clinicians to recognize symptoms, presentation, and appropriate management.
- Prompt discontinuation of daptomycin leads to symptom resolution.
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